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#1
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Doubly fugitive ink
I have seen this mentioned many times both on the net and in philatelic
publications but cannot find a definition for it. Googling just shows it being used in many places, but never with an explanation. I wonder if the authors of the pieces where it is used actually know what the expression means! My best guess is that it means that the ink is fugitive to both water and at least one other solvent. Can anyone confirm? |
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#2
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Doubly fugitive ink
On Apr 29, 6:03 am, (JJ) wrote:
I have seen this mentioned many times both on the net and in philatelic publications but cannot find a definition for it. Googling just shows it being used in many places, but never with an explanation. I wonder if the authors of the pieces where it is used actually know what the expression means! My best guess is that it means that the ink is fugitive to both water and at least one other solvent. Can anyone confirm? Hello: You are correct. They are soluable in BOTH water and chemicals. Here is part of an article by Peter Mansfield for The Revenue Society (UK). The FULL article can be seen at: http://www.revenuesociety.org.uk/fea...icles/pm2.html Blair De La Rue had long been concerned with, even obsessed by, the development and use of fugitive inks for their Revenue stamps: inks which would run or blur at any attempt to remove cancellations by water or chemicals, and in this way protect against illegal re-use. By the onset of the 1870s they had determined that the two most suitable ink-colours for this purpose would be a spectrum of lilac through purple to violet, and some kind of green. These inks were used for the revised "small" Foreign Bill series from 1872, and for the first Key Types, printed between 1872 and 1875. The pounds were reddish violet, the shillings dull (grey) green and the pence were lilac. This gave rise to a clearly-visible tripartite colour system, with a different colour for each value-tier. These colours seemed to work well; but De La Rue weren't completely satisfied, and when a new overprint system was introduced for Key Type 2 in 1875, the composition of the inks for the pounds and shilling tiers was also changed, and highly soluble varieties of these colours replaced the originals [Note 2a]. The difference between the soluble and non-soluble versions of these two colours is one of the best ways of distinguishing between the second and first Key Types: especially with the £5 and 10s values whose overprint colour stayed the same, where two printings are not recognised in the catalogues.[Note 3] This change was also applied to some of the lilacs and purples used in Chancery Court, Common Law Courts, Companies Registration, Foreign Bill and the "own type" Judicature Fees from 1876. For the first three of these appropriations the change is noted by Gilbert & Koehler and the FPSC, which both list an 1875 issue in which "violet" or "purple" is replaced by "violet vif" or "violet": the FPSC also notes the change in Foreign Bill, but doesn't date it. It is Booth who uses the term "soluble ink" in his (D) series of Chancery Court, in his (A) series of Common Law Courts, and in Companies Registration, in all cases linking it with "deep" or "bright" reddish violet (though never offering precise dates): with Foreign Bill he notes that "doubly fugitive ink", a term used for a regular variety of both violet pounds and green shillings in his 1872-81 listing, contains "an exceedingly soluble blue ingredient". The soluble inks, however, were not an immense success. Both colours were subject to unacceptable levels of rubbing, and in addition the blue-greens had a marked tendency to undergo colour- shifts of various kinds, ranging from turquoise to cobalt blue. 1875-80. Examples of extreme "blue-shifting" in the shillings tier http://www.revenuesociety.org.uk/fea...les/pm/A24.jpg http://www.revenuesociety.org.uk/fea...les/pm/A25.jpg http://www.revenuesociety.org.uk/fea...les/pm/A26.jpg http://www.revenuesociety.org.uk/fea...les/pm/A27.jpg So De La Rue's chemists were sent back to their laboratories, and the third major change made in 1880-81 was to introduce different kinds of ink: still doubly fugitive, but with much lighter "non-rubbing" shades of reddish lilac and dull, sometimes yellowish green replacing the soluble reddish violets and blue- greens of the preceding period. Notes: [2a] In an article published in The GB Journal in 1986 (Vol 24 No 2), the late Marcus Samuel wrote: "The earliest reference to these inks so far seen by the writer is dated 17 February 1874. On this day Ormond Hill [for the Board of Commissioners of Inland Revenue] had written to De La Rue & Co, "I have brought before the Board the specimens with which you furnished me of printing in doubly fugitive inks .... and the Board has decided that these inks shall be adopted in the preparation of all the adhesive stamps printed by you, excepting the Postage and Penny Inland Revenue stamps. .... Please to carry out the change as soon as practicable and inform me when you commence printing in the new inks." [3] This doesn't work for the lilac 3d, which likewise had a substantially unchanged overprint colour, but at least for some appropriations there are other differences: see the Revenue Journal, December 2005, p 100. |
#3
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Doubly fugitive ink
"JJ" wrote in message ... I have seen this mentioned many times both on the net and in philatelic publications but cannot find a definition for it. My best guess is that it means that the ink is fugitive to both water and at least one other solvent. Can anyone confirm? Good question I cannot comment exactly on its meaning, but enough to suggest your guess is incorrect. My assumption is that they are both soluble in water and light sensitive or sensitive somehow to "tampering" (rubbing?) There are two "doubly fugitive" inks, purple and green. The reaction to a solvent appears to be a further quality apart from being a part of "doubly fugitive" Look forward, as you, to being enlightened on this subject. |
#4
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Doubly fugitive ink
"JJ" wrote in message ... I have seen this mentioned many times both on the net and in philatelic publications but cannot find a definition for it. Response from other enquiries FYI: Dear Rodney Single Fugitive Ink: the color runs when washed with organic solvents Double Fugitive Ink: the color runs when washed with organic solvents or water Best regards, Tim Burgess |
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